Corona Virus
CoronaVirus Disease (Covid-19)
v How to
Overview Coronavirus?
Coronaviruses
are a family of viruses that can cause illnesses such as the common cold, severe
acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).in 2019 a new coronavirus was
identified as the cause of a disease outbreak that originate in china.
The
virus is now known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
.The diseases 2019 (COVID- 19). In March 2020, the World Health Organization
(WHO) declared the COVID- 19 outbreak a pandemic.
Public
health groups, including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) and WHO, are monitoring the pandemic and posting updates on their
websites. These groups have also issued recommendation for preventing and treating
the illness.
v Symptoms of
Coronavirus.
Sign and symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) may
appear two or 14 days after exposure. This time after exposure and before
having symptoms is called the incubation period. Common signs and symptoms can
include:
·
Fever
·
Cough
·
Tiredness
Other
symptoms can include:
· Shortness
of breath or difficulty breathing
· Muscle
aches
· Chills
· Sore throat
· Loss of
taste or smell
· Headache
· Chest pain
This list is not all inclusive.
Other less common symptom have been
reported, such as rash, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Children have similar
symptoms to adults and generally have mild illness.
The severity of COVID-19 symptoms
can range from very mild to severe. Some people may have only a few symptoms,
and some people may have no symptoms at all. People who are older or who have
existing chronic medical conditions, such as heart disease, lung disease,
diabetes, severe obesity, chronic kidney or liver disease, or who have
compromised immune systems may be at higher risk of serious illness. This is
similar to what is seen with other respiratory illnesses, such as influenza.
Some people may experience worsened
symptoms, such as worsened shortness of breath and pneumonia, about a week
after symptoms start.
When to see
a doctor?
If you
have COVID-19 symptoms or you've been in contact with someone diagnosed with
COVID-19, contact your doctor or clinic right away for medical advice. Tell
your health care team about your symptoms and possible exposure before you go
to your appointment.
If you
have emergency COVID-19 signs and symptoms, seek care immediately. Emergency
signs and symptoms can include:
·
Trouble breathing
·
Persistent chest pain or pressure
·
Inability to stay awake
·
New confusion
·
Blue lips or face
If you have signs or symptoms of
COVID-19, contact your doctor or clinic for guidance. Let your doctor know if
you have other chronic medical conditions, such as heart disease or lung
disease. During the pandemic, it's important to make sure health care is
available for those in greatest need.
v
Causes
of Coronavirus
Infection with the new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19).
The virus appears to spread easily among people, and more
continues to be discovered over time about how it spreads. Data has shown that
it spreads from person to person among those in close contact (within about 6
feet, or 2 meters). The virus spreads by respiratory droplets released when
someone with the virus coughs, sneezes or talks. These droplets can be inhaled
or land in the mouth or nose of a person nearby.
It can also spread if a person touches a surface with the
virus on it and then touches his or her mouth, nose or eyes, although this
isn't considered to be a main way it spreads.
v
Risk
factors of Coronavirus
Risk factors for COVID-19 appear to include:
·
Recent
travel from or residence in an area with ongoing community spread of COVID-19
as determined by CDC or WHO.
·
Close
contact (within 6 feet, or 2 meters) with someone who has COVID-19 for more
than 5 minutes or being coughed or sneezed on by an infected person.
v
Complications of Coronavirus
Although most people with COVID-19 have mild to moderate
symptoms, the disease can cause severe medical complications and lead to death
in some people. Older adults or people with existing chronic medical conditions
are at greater risk of becoming seriously ill with COVID-19.
Complications can include:
·
Pneumonia
and trouble breathing
·
Organ
failure in several organs
·
Heart
problems
·
A
severe lung condition that causes a low amount of oxygen to go through your
bloodstream to your organs (acute respiratory distress syndrome)
·
Blood
clots
·
Acute
kidney injury
· Additional viral and bacterial
infections
v
Prevention
of Coronavirus
Although there is no vaccine available to prevent COVID-19,
you can take steps to reduce your risk of infection. WHO and CDC recommend
following these precautions for avoiding COVID-19:
·
Avoid
large events and mass gatherings
·
Avoid
close contact (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters) with anyone who is sick or has
symptoms.
·
Stay
home as much as possible and keep distance between yourself and others (within
about 6 feet, or 2 meters), especially if you have a higher risk of serious
illness. Keep in mind some people may have COVID-19 and spread it to others,
even if they don't have symptoms or don't know they have COVID-19.
·
Wash
your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, or use an
alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.
·
Cover
your face with a cloth face mask in public spaces, such as the grocery store,
where it's difficult to avoid close contact with others, especially if you're
in an area with ongoing community spread. Only use nonmedical cloth masks —
surgical masks and N95 respirators should be reserved for health care
providers.
·
Cover
your mouth and nose with your elbow or a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw
away the used tissue. Wash your hands right away.
·
Avoid
touching your eyes, nose and mouth.
·
Avoid
sharing dishes, glasses, towels, bedding and other household items if you're
sick.
·
Clean
and disinfect high-touch surfaces, such as doorknobs, light switches,
electronics and counters, daily.
·
Stay
home from work, school and public areas if you're sick, unless you're going to
get medical care. Avoid public transportation, taxis and ride-sharing if you're
sick.
If you have a chronic medical
condition and may have a higher risk of serious illness, check with your doctor
about other ways to protect yourself.

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